通常合金成分影响材料的强度﹑可焊性﹑高氧化性和耐腐蚀性，所以含碳量 越高越难切割；晶粒细小切缝品质好；如果材料表面有锈蚀，或有氧化层，熔化时因氧化层与金属的性质不同，使表面产生难熔的氧化物，影响气体的参数包括气体类型、气体压力和喷嘴直径。也增加了熔渣，切缝会呈不规则状；表面粗造减少了反光度，提高热效率，经喷丸处理后切割质量要好许多。导热率低则热量集中，效率高。
Generally, the alloy composition affects the strength, weldability, high oxidation and corrosion resistance of the material, so the higher the carbon content, the more difficult to cut; the fine grain slit quality is good; if the surface of the material is corroded, or has the oxidation layer, the oxidation layer is different from the metal, making the surface producing refractory oxides and affecting the gas. The parameters include gas type, gas pressure and nozzle diameter. It also increases the slag and the slit will be irregular. The surface roughness reduces the reflectivity and improves the thermal efficiency. After shot peening, the cutting quality is much better. Low thermal conductivity is the concentration of heat and high efficiency.
在实际的激光切割过程中，还要有辅助气体的参与。辅助气体不但可以将熔 渣及时吹走，还起到冷却工件和清洁透镜的作用，选用不同的辅助气体，更能够改变切割的速度及割缝表面质量，对特殊金属的切割具有重大意义。
In the actual laser cutting process, auxiliary gas should also be involved. The auxiliary gas can not only blow away the slag in time, but also play the role of cooling the workpiece and cleaning lens, choosing the different auxiliary gas, and can change the cutting speed and the surface quality of the slotting surface. It is of great significance to the cutting of special metal.
气体压力分高压和低压两种,根据激光机的技术参数，高压最 大为20兆帕，低压最大为 5 兆帕。选择压力的依据有板料厚度、切割速度、熔化金属的粘度和激光功率。当料厚较大，切速较快，金属液体的粘度较高时,可选用高一些的压力；相反，对于薄料、慢速切割或液态粘度小的金属，则可选择适当的低压。功率较大时适当增加气体压力对冷却周围材料是有益的,它适用于有特殊要求的场合。不管选用怎样的压力，其原则都是在保证吹渣效果的前提下尽可能经济。
The gas pressure is divided into two types: high pressure and low pressure. According to the technical parameters of the laser machine, the maximum pressure is 20 MPa, and the maximum pressure is 5 MPa. The selection pressure is based on sheet thickness, cutting speed, viscosity of molten metal and laser power. When the thickness of the material is larger, the cutting speed is faster and the viscosity of the metal liquid is higher, the higher pressure can be selected; on the contrary, the suitable low pressure can be chosen for the metal with thin material, slow cutting or small liquid viscosity. Increasing the gas pressure when the power is large is beneficial to cooling the surrounding materials. It is suitable for occasions with special requirements. No matter what kind of pressure it chooses, its principle is to ensure the economy as far as possible under the premise of ensuring the effect of slag blowing.
辅助气体类型有氧气、空气、氮气和氩气。氧气适合于厚板切割、高速切割和极薄板切割；空气适合于铝板、非金属及镀锌钢板的切割，在一定程度上它可以减少氧化膜且节省成本；氮气作为切割时的保护气体可防氧化膜发生，防止燃烧(在板料较厚时容易发生)；氩气用于钛金属切割。
The auxiliary gas types include oxygen, air, nitrogen and argon. Oxygen is suitable for plate cutting, high speed cutting, and thin plate cutting; air is suitable for cutting aluminum, non-metallic and galvanized steel plates, to a certain extent it can reduce the oxide film and save cost; nitrogen as a protective gas for cutting can prevent oxide film from occurring and prevent combustion (when the sheet is thicker); argon gas is used. Cut in titanium.
喷嘴直径的选取与气体压力的选择原则上是一样的,但它还与切割方法有关。对于以氧气作为辅助气体的切割，由于金属的燃烧，割缝较宽，要想迅速有效地吹走熔渣，得选用大直径的喷嘴才行，对于采用脉冲切割的场合，割缝较小,不宜选用太大的喷嘴。有时喷嘴大小的选择会与压力选择相矛盾,在不能两全的情况下,通过调节喷嘴与切缝的距离也能起到一定的作用。
The selection of nozzle diameter is the same as the selection of gas pressure, but it is also related to the cutting method. For the cutting of oxygen as auxiliary gas, because of the metal burning, the slotting is wide, to blow away the slag quickly and effectively, a large diameter nozzle can be selected. For the occasion of pulse cutting, the slotting is smaller and it is not suitable to choose too large nozzle. Sometimes the choice of nozzle size will be contrary to the pressure selection, and the distance between the nozzle and the slit can also play a certain role if the two parts can not be completely.
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